An early, warm spring does not lead to an increase in plant growth. Contrary to conventional wisdom, a new study using satellite observations has come to this conclusion: “The data does indeed show that the northern hemisphere is in fact greener in the spring when temperatures are especially warm. Yet this impact can be reversed in the summer and autumn, even leading to an overall reduction of carbon uptake as a result of the rise in temperature.” Climate models that predict greater CO2 absorption by plants as a result of global warming will most likely need to be improved because of the finding.
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Putting an end to deforestation is just as urgent as reducing fossil fuel emissions. “By protecting and restoring forests, the world would achieve 18% of the emissions mitigation needed by 2030 to avoid runaway climate change, the group of 40 scientists, spanning five countries, said in a statement.” That includes direct losses of carbon from burning and the loss of the ability of living trees to capture other CO2 emissions, which is substantial. The group is critical of the various biofuel schemes that would employ the burning of timber from plantations as a source of energy.
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Another study has compared secondary forests after a complete period of recovery with undisturbed primary forests in tropical regions. The main conclusion was that, “Even after 40 years of recovery, secondary forests remain species and carbon-poor compared to undisturbed primary forests…..this means protecting primary forests should be a conservation priority.” There are still compelling reasons for rebuilding forests that have been lost or damaged.
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-primary-tropical-forests-regrowing-vital.html
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-primary-tropical-forests-regrowing-vital.html
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From a new study at Rutgers, “Global warming is projected to spawn more extreme wet and dry weather around the world.” The extremes are produced by stationary waves in the atmosphere that cause both high pressure and low pressure systems to become more persistent, one associated with dry weather and the other with wet.
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Living with drought in today’s Australia (The Guardian). This full-length feature is effectively enhanced by the photography. The people have often experienced long periods of drought in the past, but not with as much heat as they are getting now. “You can see the water being sucked out of the dams, sucked out of the soil, sucked out of my life and you can’t plan for that.”
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China has a dry zone with a drought history similar to that described in the above story from Australia. The area encompasses ten provinces containing one-sixth of the nation’s arable land. “Should temperatures rise further, these provinces are likely to experience more intense droughts more often…..In this dry zone, there is a lot of poverty.” A new study sees an exponential rise in economic losses in the area with each half-degree of temperature increases (Thomson Reuters).
Carl